鬼稻对水稻生产的危害：现状与挑战
Journal: Agricultural Science DOI: 10.32629/as.v9i3.3807
Abstract
鬼稻(杂草稻)是一种全球性的严重危害水稻生产的恶性杂草。本文介绍其危害现状、发生机理、对水稻生产的影响等。鬼稻因与栽培稻争夺养分水分,导致稻米产量大幅降低、品质下降(糙米率、整精米率下降10%~15%),且不易防除。在我国,受侵稻田面积达333万公顷以上,平均每年减产稻谷38亿公斤,部分地区减产率高达75%。文中阐明鬼稻研究存在的问题：缺少适合我国条件的防控技术、存在基因渗入的风险、生态适应性不强,并提出建议为未来研究方向指引,助力水稻生产健康可持续发展。
Keywords
鬼稻；杂草稻；水稻生产；危害；现状；挑战
Funding
(1)湛江市科技计划项目(编号：2021A05221),穿心莲绿色高效栽培技术示范和推广；(2)茂名市2025年度哲学社会科学规划共建项目(编号：2025GJ71),项目名称：科技赋能助力茂名市盐碱地综合利用的实践路径研究；(3)2025年茂名市科技计划立项项目(编号：2025069),项目名称：茂名市盐碱地种植水稻研究。
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