This research aims to spatially model the protection of watercourses in Quinsaloma canton (Los Ríos, Ecuador), for the integrated management of water resources. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, combining quantitative and qualitative techniques, including surveys of 90 residents and interviews with community leaders. The results show that the Calabí River, the main water source in the region, has suffered degradation in both water quality and quantity due to anthropogenic activities such as agriculture, mining and industry, alongside the impacts of climate change. 51.1% of respondents stated that the river water exhibited marked changes in colour, odour and taste, which indicates deterioration of its organoleptic properties. Furthermore, 87% of participants identified agriculture and mining as the primary pollution sources, consistent with similar studies conducted in other regions of Ecuador. Climate change was also recognized as a critical factor; 86.6% of respondents attributed the drying-up of seasonal creeks and small streams to this phenomenon. This study proposes strategies including riparian reforestation and public training on sustainable practices. Finally, it highlights the need for greater citizen engagement and commitment from local authorities to ensure the sustainability of water resources.