Dakar Port serves as both the economic hub of Senegal and a pivotal trade nexus within the West African region, boasting excellent deep-water conditions. With the growing volume of bilateral trade between China and Senegal, Senegal's port construction investment policies will receive further preferential financial support. Despite numerous challenges stemming from inadequate infrastructure and external environmental constraints, the economic development of Dakar Port holds profound significance for regional trade, industrial growth, and the nation's economic transformation. This paper examines the geographical advantages, industrial contributions, and developmental bottlenecks of Dakar Port; analyzes its strengths, current status, economic impact, challenges, and practical implementation pathways; explores its evolving role and the challenges it faces in the context of globalization; and, in alignment with the Senegal government's strategic initiatives, proposes sustainable development strategies for the port economy. These strategies focus on a dual approach — enhancing the "hard infrastructure" and upgrading "soft power" — through infrastructure modernization, regional collaborative cooperation, and the adoption of green technologies, thereby overcoming spatial limitations and competitive pressures to solidify the port's strategic position within the African–Atlantic Economic Corridor.