Modern Economics & Management Forum

Agriculture is the foundation of a nation and the cornerstone of national strength. The prices of agricultural products are closely related to the national economy and people's livelihood, and they exert significant influence on agricultural development, farmers' income, and consumer consumption. Stabilizing agricultural product prices is an important measure to enhance the resilience of China's economy, improve the stability of agricultural product supply, and ensure consumer demand. Based on this, this paper focuses on the key economic phenomenon of agricultural product price fluctuations and attempts to analyze their impact on the planting structure and income stability of farmers. It also puts forward relevant policy recommendations from aspects such as policy guidance, mechanism assurance, infrastructure construction, and service improvement. The study shows that price fluctuations of agricultural products have multiple effects on the adjustment of planting structure and the stability of farmers' income. The government needs to pay close attention, strengthen macroeconomic regulation, prevent and defuse risks, optimize resource allocation, promote high-quality agricultural development, and ensure long-term national stability.