Journal: Frontier Forum of Clinical Medicine DOI: 10.32629/ffcr.v3i10.21258
Abstract
目的：综述糖尿病黄斑水肿（DME）治疗领域的最新进展，为临床实践提供循证参考。方法：检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library及中国知网、万方数据库2020-2025年发表的DME相关文献，对抗血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）药物、皮质类固醇、激光治疗、玻璃体手术及新兴疗法的研究进展进行系统综述。结果：玻璃体腔注射抗VEGF药物仍是累及中心凹DME的一线治疗，法瑞西单抗等双特异性抗体及高剂量阿柏西普等长效制剂显著延长了给药间隔。皮质类固醇植入物在抗VEGF应答不佳或人工晶体眼患者中具有重要价值。阈下微脉冲激光为特定亚组患者提供了低损伤治疗选择，玻璃体切除术仍是难治性DME合并玻璃体黄斑牵拉的重要外科干预手段。基因治疗、口服药物及局部滴眼液等新兴策略代表了以一次性治疗替代终身反复注射的未来方向。结论：DME治疗正从标准化方案向个体化精准治疗转变，临床医生应根据患者具体情况制定最优治疗策略。
Keywords
糖尿病视网膜病变；黄斑水肿；血管内皮生长因子A；糖皮质激素类；激光凝固术；基因治疗
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[8] Brown DM, Korobelnik JF, Do DV, et al. Plain language summary of publication of the 48-week results from the PHOTON study: intravitreal aflibercept 8 mg for diabetic macular edema[J]. Ther Adv Ophthalmol, 2025, 17: 25158414251356388.
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