Journal: Advances in Medicine and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research DOI: 10.32629/ameir.v4i3.5473
Abstract
The reaction to drugs with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms called DRESS (Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms) is part of a broad spectrum called toxicodermas. The exact incidence is not known in children; However, a mortality rate that can be as high as 10% has been estimated in the literature. We present the case of a teenage patient with a personal history of bipolar affective disorder (BD), who received sertraline, quetiapine and trazodone on an outpatient basis. Due to the presence of hallucinations, lithium was added to the management. Ten days later she went to the emergency department due to the appearance of a skin rash and systemic symptoms, for which a clinical condition secondary to hypersensitivity to medications was suspected.
Keywords
DRESS syndrome; lithium; eosinophilia
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[2] Gallo-Echeverri S, Gallo-Echeverri MC, Caicedo-Bello LG, Zuluaga-Restrepo A, Berrouet-Mejía MC. Reacciones adversas medicamentosas cutáneas: enfoque en el servicio de urgencias. Rev Asoc Colomb Dermatol Cir Dematol. 2022;30(1):29-46.
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[4] Husain Z, Reddy BY, Schwartz RA. DRESS syndrome: Part II. Management and therapeutics. J Am Ac Dermatol. 2013;68(5):709.e1-709.e9.
[5] Husain Z, Reddy BY, Schwartz RA. DRESS syndrome: Part I. Clinical perspectives. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013;68(5):693.e1-14.
[6] Behera SK, Das S, Xavier AS, Selvarajan S. DRESS syndrome: A detailed insight. Hosp Pract.2018;46(3):152-62.
[7] Gogtay NJ, Bavdekar SB, Kshirsagar NA. Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: A review. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2005;4(3):571-81.
[8] Mockenhaupt M. Epidemiology of cutaneous adverse drug reactions. Allergol Select.2017;1(1):96-108.
[9] Mori F, Caffarelli C, Caimmi S, Bottau P, Liotti L, Franceschini F, et al. Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) in children. Acta Biomed. 2019;90(Suppl 3):66-79.
[10] Knowles SR, Dewhurst N, Shear NH. Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: An update. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2012;11(5):767-78.
[11] Cho YT, Yang CW, Chu CY. Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS): An interplay among drugs, viruses, and immune system. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(6):1243.
[12] Spanish guidelines for diagnosis, management, treatment, and prevention of DRESS syndrome. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2020;30(4):229-253.
[13] Kardaun SH, Sidoroff A, Valeyrie-Allanore L, Halevy S, Davidovici BB, Mockenhaupt M, et al. Variability in the clinical pattern of cutaneous side-effects of drugs with systemic symptoms: Does a DRESS syndrome really exist? Br J Dermatol. 2007;156(3):609-11.
[14] Marrero MB. Comparación de diferentes escalas de puntuación con base en los criterios diagnósticos del síndrome de DRESS y determinación de sus características clínicas. Dermatol Rev Mex. 65(6):135-42.
[15] Albert U, De Cori D, Blengino G, Bogetto F, Maina G. Lithium treatment and potential long-term side effects: a systematic review of the literature. Riv Psichiatr. 2014;49(1):12-21.
[16] Sarantidis D, Waters B. A review and controlled study of cutaneous conditions associated with lithium carbonate. Br J Psychiatry. 1983;143:42-50.
[17] Rothman KJ, Greenland S. H ill's Criteria for Causality. En: Armitage P, Colton T, editores. Encyclopedia of Biostatistics [Internet]. 1ª ed. Wiley; 2005 [citado el 24 de abril de 2023]. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/0470011815.b2a03072.
[18] Naranjo CA, Busto U, Sellers EM, Sandor P, Ruiz I, Roberts EA, et al. A method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1981;30(2):239-45.
[19] Kim GY, Anderson KR, Davis DMR, Hand JL, Tollefson MM. Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) in the pediatric population: A systematic review of the literature. J Am Ac Dermatol. 2020;83(5):1323-30.
[20] Hester D, Wong K. Un-DRESSing Lithium: A pediatric case of lithium induced drug hypersensitivity syndrome. Pediatrics. 2019;144(2):603-603.
[2] Gallo-Echeverri S, Gallo-Echeverri MC, Caicedo-Bello LG, Zuluaga-Restrepo A, Berrouet-Mejía MC. Reacciones adversas medicamentosas cutáneas: enfoque en el servicio de urgencias. Rev Asoc Colomb Dermatol Cir Dematol. 2022;30(1):29-46.
[3] Orkin S, Nathan D, Ginsburg D, Look AT, Fisher D, Lux S. Nathan and Oski's hematology and oncology of infancy and childhood. 8th ed. Elsevier; 2014.
[4] Husain Z, Reddy BY, Schwartz RA. DRESS syndrome: Part II. Management and therapeutics. J Am Ac Dermatol. 2013;68(5):709.e1-709.e9.
[5] Husain Z, Reddy BY, Schwartz RA. DRESS syndrome: Part I. Clinical perspectives. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013;68(5):693.e1-14.
[6] Behera SK, Das S, Xavier AS, Selvarajan S. DRESS syndrome: A detailed insight. Hosp Pract.2018;46(3):152-62.
[7] Gogtay NJ, Bavdekar SB, Kshirsagar NA. Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: A review. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2005;4(3):571-81.
[8] Mockenhaupt M. Epidemiology of cutaneous adverse drug reactions. Allergol Select.2017;1(1):96-108.
[9] Mori F, Caffarelli C, Caimmi S, Bottau P, Liotti L, Franceschini F, et al. Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) in children. Acta Biomed. 2019;90(Suppl 3):66-79.
[10] Knowles SR, Dewhurst N, Shear NH. Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: An update. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2012;11(5):767-78.
[11] Cho YT, Yang CW, Chu CY. Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS): An interplay among drugs, viruses, and immune system. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(6):1243.
[12] Spanish guidelines for diagnosis, management, treatment, and prevention of DRESS syndrome. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2020;30(4):229-253.
[13] Kardaun SH, Sidoroff A, Valeyrie-Allanore L, Halevy S, Davidovici BB, Mockenhaupt M, et al. Variability in the clinical pattern of cutaneous side-effects of drugs with systemic symptoms: Does a DRESS syndrome really exist? Br J Dermatol. 2007;156(3):609-11.
[14] Marrero MB. Comparación de diferentes escalas de puntuación con base en los criterios diagnósticos del síndrome de DRESS y determinación de sus características clínicas. Dermatol Rev Mex. 65(6):135-42.
[15] Albert U, De Cori D, Blengino G, Bogetto F, Maina G. Lithium treatment and potential long-term side effects: a systematic review of the literature. Riv Psichiatr. 2014;49(1):12-21.
[16] Sarantidis D, Waters B. A review and controlled study of cutaneous conditions associated with lithium carbonate. Br J Psychiatry. 1983;143:42-50.
[17] Rothman KJ, Greenland S. H ill's Criteria for Causality. En: Armitage P, Colton T, editores. Encyclopedia of Biostatistics [Internet]. 1ª ed. Wiley; 2005 [citado el 24 de abril de 2023]. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/0470011815.b2a03072.
[18] Naranjo CA, Busto U, Sellers EM, Sandor P, Ruiz I, Roberts EA, et al. A method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1981;30(2):239-45.
[19] Kim GY, Anderson KR, Davis DMR, Hand JL, Tollefson MM. Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) in the pediatric population: A systematic review of the literature. J Am Ac Dermatol. 2020;83(5):1323-30.
[20] Hester D, Wong K. Un-DRESSing Lithium: A pediatric case of lithium induced drug hypersensitivity syndrome. Pediatrics. 2019;144(2):603-603.
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