Experimental Study on Ion Exchange Membrane Coupled Electrolytic Electrodialysis Purification and Concentration of Wet Phosphoric Acid

Yujie Yao

doi:10.32629/aes.v7i2.5372

Journal: Architecture Engineering and Science DOI: 10.32629/aes.v7i2.5372

Yujie Yao

School of Resource and Safety Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China

Abstract

Wet-process phosphoric acid is a mainstream production technology with low cost and low energy consumption, but impurities including Fe³⁺, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ in crude acid limit its high-end applications. Traditional purification processes are long with high reagent consumption, and cannot realize purification and concentration simultaneously. Using a two-chamber electrolytic electrodialysis device, this study investigated the effects of static diffusion, current density and temperature on metal ion removal, phosphoric acid concentration and leakage rate with simulated wet-process phosphoric acid. Results show that static diffusion without electric field presents very low removal efficiency, and electric field driving is essential for effective separation. Within 10~30 mA·cm⁻², the ion removal rate and concentration efficiency rise obviously with current density, and the concentration rate peaks at 15.8% under 30 mA·cm⁻². Higher temperature promotes ion migration but aggravates phosphoric acid leakage and reduces concentration efficiency. This technology can efficiently purify and concentrate dilute wet-process phosphoric acid (≤30%) in a green and low-carbon way, providing a new approach for phosphoric acid purification.

Keywords

wet phosphoric acid; electrolytic electrodialysis; ion exchange membrane; metal ion removal; Phosphoric acid concentration

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