Architecture Engineering and Science

With urban infrastructure and underground projects booming, shield tunneling is crucial for tunnel construction in complex geology. This paper reviews its development and innovations. It focuses on advancements enabling tunneling in soft soils, fractured rocks, and water-rich strata. Key aspects like tunneling machine design, real-time monitoring, ground improvement, and case studies are discussed. Recent innovations solve complex geology challenges, offering safer, faster, and cost-effective solutions. The paper also looks at the future of this technology in meeting modern infrastructure demands.