产后早期抑郁的发病现况及与盆腔和下腰症状的关联—来自湖州的横断面调查
Journal: Basic Medical Theory Research DOI: 10.12238/bmtr.v8i2.18915
Abstract
目的：调查中国湖州地区产后早期抑郁症（PND）的患病率，并探讨其与盆腔及下腰症状的关联。方法：于2025年1月至6月，在湖州市吴兴区康山街道社区卫生服务中心进行横断面调查。采用一般信息情况调查、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）及尿失禁简表中文版（ICI-Q-SF）、下腰痛评定表（JOA score）和Wecner便秘评分系统进行问卷，对产后6-8周内的产妇进行调查。采用χ²检验进行单因素分析，二元Logistic回归分析探讨PND的独立影响因素，Spearmman相关性分析确定EPDS与其他问卷的相关关系。结果：共回收有效问卷248份。产后早期抑郁症状（EPDS≥13分）检出率为19%（48/248）。单因素分析显示，文化程度、家庭收入及分娩方式、产后尿失禁、下腰痛及便秘影响着抑郁症状的发生（P<0.05）。在控制了社会人口学因素后，便秘（OR=1.133，95%CI：1.068~1.501，P＜0.001）成为抑郁症状发生的独立危险因素。结论：湖州地区产后早期抑郁症状检出率较高，需引起重视。产后便秘与抑郁风险相关，是独立于社会因素之外的重要风险标志。
Keywords
产后抑郁；尿失禁；便秘；下腰痛；高危因素
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