• Home
  • Publications
    • Journals
    • Books
    • Funded Articles
  • Search
  • Featured Editors
  • Information & Guideline
    • Editorial Policies
    • Author Guidelines
    • Copyright Agreement
    • Guidelines for Reviewers
  • News
  • Contact
  • 中文

Equality of Educational Opportunity in China: Factors from Family, School, and Shadow Education

Description Table of Contents Author(s) Information

The study focused on Equality of Educational Opportunity (EEO) in China from the aspects of family, shadow education, and school. The main purpose was to find the influence of factors from the three aspects on people’s educational outcomes. The interaction effects among family, shadow education, and school were emphasized to check how the three aspects correlated with each other and how shadow education and school moderated the effect of students’ family background on the (un)equal distribution of educational outcomes. The study used PISA 2015 data to analyze the association of predictors from family, shadow education, and school with students’ achievement among the whole group of the participants and the lower economic, social, and cultural status (ESCS) group. A comparison was made to find whether these factors yielded varied effects on the educational outcomes between the two groups. The study was interested in if school and shadow education would make up for their family deficiency for the group with lower ESCS in educational attainment.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1: Introduction············································································ 1

The Concept of Equality of Educational Opportunity ····································· 1

Statement of the Problem······································································ 4

Purpose of the Present Study·································································· 5

Research Questions············································································· 5

Summary························································································· 6

Chapter 2: Literature Review····································································· 7

Cultural Capital Theory········································································ 7

School ··························································································· 10

Family ··························································································· 18

Shadow Education············································································· 21

Studies on EEO Based on PISA Data ······················································· 32

Summary························································································ 34

Chapter 3: Research Methodology······························································ 36

Research Questions············································································ 36

Program for International Student Assessment ············································ 37

Sample ·························································································· 37

Education Equity Module Based PISA Data··············································· 38

Variables in the Present Study ······························································· 42

Method ························································································· 48

Research Question 1··········································································· 48

Research Question 2··········································································· 49

Research Question 3··········································································· 50

Summary························································································ 53

Chapter 4: Data Analysis ········································································· 54

Demographic Data············································································· 54

Regression Analysis··········································································· 57

Effect of Shadow Education on Math Achievement ······································ 63

Chapter 5: Discussion ············································································· 72

Summary of Results··········································································· 72

Discussion of Hypotheses ···································································· 73

Implications for School Effect ······························································· 80

Implications for School Autonomy and Leadership ······································ 82

Implications for Policies and Future Research Directions ······························· 84

Limitations ····················································································· 86

Strengths························································································ 87

REFERENCES ····················································································· 90

APPENDIX ························································································ 107

Frontier Scientific Publishing

The core business of Frontier Science Publishing focuses on publishing academic journals and organizing international academic conferences. At the same time, FSP provides educational training, consultations on scientific and technological information, translation services, and publications of e-books.

About FSP

  • Home
  • Search
  • News
  • Contact Us
  • Data Center
  • Facebook
  • Twitter
  • Login

Feature Journals

  • Advances in Medicine and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research
  • Journal of Autonomous Intelligence
  • Region - Educational Research and Reviews
  • Journal of Higher Education Research
  • Modern Economics & Management Forum
  • Journal of Clinical Medicine Research

Important Links

  • ISSN
  • National Library of Singapore
  • Wanfang Data
  • DOI
  • CNKI
  • Google Scholar
  • WorldCat
Frontier Scientific Publishing © 2023 All Right Reserved
Designed by BootstrapMade. Customized and Maintained by Justintosh.