Journal of Higher Education Research

With the rapid development of modern Internet technologies and high-tech innovations, technical investigation measures have emerged as a novel and effective means to solve major complex cases. However, due to the vagueness and absence of procedural legal regulations in the field of technical investigations, practical challenges, including difficulties in implementation and instances of unlawful practices, have arisen. To address these issues, this study takes the application of technical investigation measures and institutional procedures as its central focus. It begins with an examination of legislative regulations and practical operations, analyzing the judicial application challenges they reflect. By studying the current practices and institutional frameworks of countries such as the UK, the US, Germany, and Japan, this research explores their detailed classifications of technical investigation measures and the legal procedures for approval and review. Additionally, it examines the application of rules such as compelled third-party information disclosure and the exclusion of illegally obtained evidence in foreign jurisdictions. Based on these insights, this study rethinks the procedural framework for the initiation, execution, and remedies of technical investigations in China.