Evaluation of the Chinese Government's Investment in Compulsory Education
Journal: Region - Educational Research and Reviews DOI: 10.32629/rerr.v3i3.437
Abstract
As children's human capital grows and they become more competitive in the job market as adults, universal compulsory schooling is becoming more prevalent. Education expenditures make for a significant portion of all financial expenditures in every country and area. This article will use China as the major study object, as well as the United States and Finland as case studies for comparison and analysis. Its goal is to investigate the ideal theoretical world and present personal ideas and improvement measures in the next article.
Keywords
educational investment; human capital theory; economics of education; education mode; comparative education
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[12]Morgan, H. (2014). The Education System in Finland: A Success Story other Countries Can Emulate. Association for Childhood Education International, Olney.
[13]Samuelson, P. (1955). Professor Samuelson on Operationalism in Economic Theory: Comment. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, (69):310.
[14]Stephens, M. and Yang, D. (2014). Compulsory Education and the Benefits of Schooling. American Economic Review, (104):1777-1792.
[15]Tsang, M.C. & Ding, Y. (2005). Resource Utilization and Disparities in Compulsory Education in China. The
58 Region - Educational Research and Reviews Chinese University Press.
[16]Van den Bergh, J. (2010) . Externality or Sustainability Economics. Ecological Economics, (69): 2047-2052.
[17]Wang, W. (2014). Decomposing Inequality in Compulsory Education Finance in China: 1998-2008, Southern Public Administration Education Foundation. Inc, Harrisburg.
[18]Wright, P. and McMahan, G. (2011). Exploring Human Capital: Putting ‘Human’ back into Strategic Human Resource Management. Human Resource Management Journal, (21): 93-104.
[19]Wu, F., Zhang, D. & Zhang, J. (2008). Unequal Education, Poverty and Low Growth-a Theoretical Framework for Rural Education of China. Elsevier India Pvt Ltd.
[20]Xiao, Y., Li, L. and Zhao, L. (2017). Education on the Cheap: The Long-run Effects of a Free Compulsory Education Reform in Rural China. Journal of Comparative Economics, (45): 544-562.
[21]Zepke, N., Leach, L. & Butler, P. (2010). Engagement in Post-compulsory Education: Students' Motivation and Action. Routledge.
[2]Barr, N. (1992). Economic Theory and the Welfare State: A Survey and Interpretation. American Economic Association.
[3]Cabrillo, F. (2013). Constitutional Economics And Public Institutions. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
[4]Ciccone, A. & Peri, G. (2006). Identifying Human-Capital Externalities: Theory with Applications, Review of Economic Studies Ltd.
[5]Disare, M. (2017). Linda Darling-Hammond on the Future of New York Education-and What She Makes of Betsy Devos. Prakken Publications, Inc, Ann Arbor.
[6]Hanushek, E., Welch, F., Machin, S. and Woessmann, L. (2016). Handbook Of The Economics Of Education. Volume 5. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
[7]Hongju, W. (2008). The Characteristics of China’s Compulsory Education Funding Policy Change(1986–2006). Brill, Netherlands.
[8]Lin, T. (2009). Intra-provincial Inequality in Financing Compulsory Education in China: Exploring the Role of Provincial Leaders (1994-2001). Taylor & Francis Group.
[9]Linster, B.G. (1998). An Evolutionary Explanation for Rotten Kids. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford, UK.
[10]Liu, Y. & Fang, Y. (2009). Basic Education Reform in China: Globalization with Chinese Characteristics. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 29 (4):407-412.
[11]Liwiński, J. (2019). The Impact of Compulsory Education on Employment and Wages in a Transition Economy. Eastern European Economics, (58):137-173.
[12]Morgan, H. (2014). The Education System in Finland: A Success Story other Countries Can Emulate. Association for Childhood Education International, Olney.
[13]Samuelson, P. (1955). Professor Samuelson on Operationalism in Economic Theory: Comment. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, (69):310.
[14]Stephens, M. and Yang, D. (2014). Compulsory Education and the Benefits of Schooling. American Economic Review, (104):1777-1792.
[15]Tsang, M.C. & Ding, Y. (2005). Resource Utilization and Disparities in Compulsory Education in China. The
58 Region - Educational Research and Reviews Chinese University Press.
[16]Van den Bergh, J. (2010) . Externality or Sustainability Economics. Ecological Economics, (69): 2047-2052.
[17]Wang, W. (2014). Decomposing Inequality in Compulsory Education Finance in China: 1998-2008, Southern Public Administration Education Foundation. Inc, Harrisburg.
[18]Wright, P. and McMahan, G. (2011). Exploring Human Capital: Putting ‘Human’ back into Strategic Human Resource Management. Human Resource Management Journal, (21): 93-104.
[19]Wu, F., Zhang, D. & Zhang, J. (2008). Unequal Education, Poverty and Low Growth-a Theoretical Framework for Rural Education of China. Elsevier India Pvt Ltd.
[20]Xiao, Y., Li, L. and Zhao, L. (2017). Education on the Cheap: The Long-run Effects of a Free Compulsory Education Reform in Rural China. Journal of Comparative Economics, (45): 544-562.
[21]Zepke, N., Leach, L. & Butler, P. (2010). Engagement in Post-compulsory Education: Students' Motivation and Action. Routledge.
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