Journal of Autonomous Intelligence

The topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to:

1.Artificial Intelligence

• Basic Theory and Application of Artificial Intelligence
• Artificial Intelligence tools & Applications
• Artificial Neural Networks
• Neural Network and Deep Learning
• Machine Learning
• Big Data Analysis and Processing
• Reasoning and Evolution
• Cognitive Science
• Knowledge Science and Knowledge Engineering
• Knowledge representation; Knowledge-based Systems
• Knowledge-based Systems
• Natural Language Processing and Understanding
• Natural Computing  & Evolutionary Calculation

2.Robotics Science and Engineering

• Modeling and identification
• Robot control
• Mobile robotics
• Tele-robotics
• Machine Perception and Virtual Reality
• Robot sensing and data fusion
• Localization, navigation and mapping
• Human-computer interaction
• Multiagent Systems
• Swarm intelligence

3.Other Related Topics

• Computer Vision and Image Processing
• Feature extraction, grouping and segmentation
• Intelligent Control
• Pattern Recognition Theory and Application
• Computer Vision and Image Processing
• Intelligent System Architectures; Intelligent Web
• Information Retrieval and Web Search
• Intelligent Transportation
• Intelligent Planning and Scheduling
• Biometric Identification
• Bioinformatics and Artificial Life
• Non-classical Computing and Novel Computing Models
• Pervasive Computing and Ambient Intelligence
• Rough Set and Soft Computing

Editor(s)-in-Chief

Prof. Michel Cotsaftis

Undergraduate Scientific Research Program ECE Paris

France

Associate Editor(s)

Dr. S Balamurugan	Intelligent Research Consultancy Services	India
Dr. Xudong Liu	Beijing University of Technology	China

Editorial Board Members

Mr.Mohamed Zine-el-abidine Amrani	LRPE Laboratory, USTHB	Algeria
Dr.Rafik Menassel	Mathematic & Computer Sciences, Tebessa University. AI geria	Algeria
Mr.Davoud Mougouei	Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University-Clayton-Australia	Australia
Dr.Boyuan Li	Faculty of Engineering and Information Science,University of Wollongong	Australia
Dr.Xiaofeng Cao	Advanced Analytics Institute, University of Technology Sydney	Australia
Dr.Siuly Siuly	Victoria University, Melbourne	Australia
Prof.Amr Abdulfattah Hassan	Sports Training, Sports Science	Australia
Mr.Fujin Zhu	Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney	Australia
Asma Islam Swapna	Einstein Future Internet Lab	Bangladesh
Prof.Mozammel Chowdhury	Computer Science & Engineering, Jahangirnagar University	Bangladesh
Dr.Cristiane Jovelina da Silva	Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais	Brazil
Dr.Diego Silveira Costa Nascimento	Department of Information System, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Norte	Brazil
Dr.Ioram Schechtman Sette	Department of Design and Engineering, CESAR	Brazil
Dr.Marcio Fernandes Leao	Federal University of Rio de Janeiro	Brazil
Prof.Paulo Andre Lima de Castro	ITA	Brazil
Prof. Sergio Henrique Monte Santo Andrade	Estácio Desá University	Brazil
Dr.Jianfei Zhang	Department of Computer Science University of Sherbrooke	Canada
Dr.Djamel Guessoum	DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, ECOLE DE TECHNOLOGIE SUPERIEURE -QUEBEC UNIVERSITY-	Canada
Dr.Sebastian Ossandon	Instituto de Matemáticas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso	Chile
Mr.Yushi Liu	Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, MA, U.S.	China
Prof.Weide Li	Lanzhou University	China
Mr.Xiaoqi Yin	School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology	China
Dr.Honggui Li	Department of Physical College of Science and Technology, Yangzhou University	China
Dr.Wei Lan	Department of Computer Science, Guangxi University	China
Dr.Guangqi Qiu	School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology	China
Dr.Jiaming Liu	School of Management and Economics, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Lecture	China
Prof.Hongwei Ge	College of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology	China
Prof.Jinxing Che	School of Science, Nanchang Institute of Technology	China
Prof.Jianping Luo	College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University	China
Dr.Liyong Ma	School of Information and Electrical Enginnering, Harbin Institute of Technology	China
Dr.Shengli Xie	School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology	China
Dr.Wei Huang	Computer Science, Nanchang University	China
Prof.Wen-Cheng Liu	Department of Civil and Disaster Prevention Engineering, National United University	Taiwan,China
Dr.Dong Huang	Department of Computer Science, South China Agricultural University	China
Dr.Ting Wang	Huawei	China
Dr.Fan Wu	School of Information Science and Engineering，Central South University	China
Dr.Feiping Nie	Northwestern Polytechnical University	China
Dr.Nannan Wu	College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University	China
Prof.Degan Zhang	School of Computer Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technolgoy	China
Prof.Gang Wang	School of Management，HeFei University of Technology	China
Prof.Yongzhong Lu	Huazhong University of Science and Technology	China
Dr.Changyun Wei	Department of Mechanical Engineering Hohai University	China
Dr.Junchen Jin	Transport Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden	China
Dr.Taiping Zhang	Department of Computer Science, Chongqing University	China
Prof.Yinglei Song	Department of Electronics and Information Science, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology	China
Dr.Jamal Firmat Banzi	Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China	China
Prof.Chen Gong	School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology	China
Dr.Nady Slam	Institute of Chinese Ethnic Information Technology, Northwest Minzu University ,Lanzhou	China
Dr.Diptiranjan Behera	School of Mechatronics Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China	China
Dr. Lei Du	Northwestern Polytechnical University	China
Dr. Feng He	Innovation Lab, Dalian Commodity Exchange	China
Prof. Naigong Yu	Beijing University of Technology	China
Dr. Kun Zheng	Beijing University of Technology	China
Dr. Zhuozheng Wang	Beijing University of Technology	China
Dr. Xiaoqing Zhu	Beijing University of Technology	China
Dr. Jing Huang	Beijing University of Technology	China
Silu Zhang	St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital	China
Ms.Nadiya Straton	Department of Digitalization, CBS	Denmark
Mr.Ahmed Adel Awad	Engineering Faculty, Helwan University	Egypt
Dr.Mohamed Hamdy	Industrial Electronics and Control Engineering and Measurements Department, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf-32952	Egypt
Dr.Mahmoud Nasr	Sanitary Engineering Department, Alexandria University	Egypt
Dr.Wael Mohsen Mahmoud	Department of Computer Science, Ain Shams University	Egypt
Prof.Reda R. Gharieb	Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University	Egypt
Dr.Said Llmen	Cadi Ayyad University	France
Prof.Marc Aiguier	Department of Computer Science, MISC	France
Prof.Edwige Elisabeth Pissaloux	Department of Physics. University of Rouen Normandy	France
Dr.Abhishake Rastogi	Department of Mathematics, University of Potsdam, Germany	Germany
Dr.Dirk Thorleuchter	Fraunhofer Institute for Technological Trend Analysis INT，Technology Analysis and Strategic Planning	Germany
Dr.Elmar Diederichs	Machine Intelligence and Data Science Elements of Euclid	Germany
Dr. Marc Oliver Opresnik	Institute for Business Development & Entrepreneurship	Germany
Prof.Christos John Bouras	Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics, University of Patras	Greece
Dr.Xanthoula Eirini Pantazi	School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Tessaloniki	Greece
Prof.Peter W.T. TSE	Department of Systems, Engineering&Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong	Hong Kong, China
Dr.Manivanna Boopathi Arumugam	Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ariyalur Engineering College	India
Dr.Sanjay Biswash	Vidya Pratishthan's Kamalnayan Bajai Institute of Engineering & Technology, India National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Russia	India
Mrs.Sharmila L	Alpha College of engineering	India
Prof.Karthick Raghunath	Adhiyamaan College of Engineering (Autonomous),Affiliated to Anna University-Chennai.	India
Dr.Suprava Chakraborty	National institute of solar energy	India
Dr.Anil Kumar	National Institute of Foundry & Forge Technology	India
Dr.Anil kumar Yadav	Banasthali vidyapith, rajasthan	India
Dr.Sri Vidhya BE	K.S.R. College of Technology, Tiruchengode	India
Dr.Jitin Rahul	IIT(ISM) DHANBAD	India
Dr.Sandeep Kumar	Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur	India
Dr.Vishnu Narayan Mishra	Department of Mathematics <http://igntu.ac.in/dept_Math.htm>, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Lalpur, Amarkantak, Anuppur, Madhya Pradesh 484 887	India
Dr.Lakshmi Narayan Mishray	Department of Mathematics, VIT University, Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nadu	India
Prof.Pijush Samui	Department of Civil Engineering NIT Patna	India
Dr.Anuj Kumar Dubey	Senior Physics Faculty at INSPIRE, Chandrapur, Mahareshtra	India
Prof.Dayakshini Sathish	St.Joseph Engineering College Vamanjoor Mangalore	India
Dr.Hitendra Sarma	Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Srinivasa Ramanujan Institute of Technology Anantapur	India
Mr.Ravi Kumar Saidala	Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Acharya Nagarjuna University	India
Dr.Archana Naganathan	Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, PSG College of Technology	India
Prof.Sukanta Kumar Sabut	Department of Electronics, Ramrao Adik Institute of Technology, DY Patil University, Navi Mumbai	India
Mr.Vitthal Balbhim Jagtap	Department of Electronics, SBPCOE, TPO	India
Dr.Vartika Singh	Amity University, Noida	India
Ms.Najva N	Electronics and Communication Engineering, MES College	India
Dr.Neha Pokhriyal	The Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, ISRO in WRD department Dehradun.	India
Mr.Sivaraman S Eswaran	IBM Career Education, Adroit Technologies	India
Dr.Victer Paul	Computer Science and Engineering，Vignan Foundation For Science, Technology and Research	India
Mr.Deepak Aeloor	Computer Engineering, St. John College Engineering Mgmt	India
Kishor Shahajirao Jeve	College of Computer Science and Information Technology (COCSIT), Latur	India
Dr.Mehboob Ali	Department of Information Technology，University of Kashmir	India
Dr.Balamurugan R	Department of Data Analytics, Vellore Institute of Technology	India
Dr.Alok Kumar Singh Kushwaha	Department of computer science and engineering, I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University Jalandhar	India
Mr.Bhartendra Pratap Singh	Data Base Management, IIT Delhi，Alumunas	India
Dr.Arul Jeyaraj	Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, PSNA College of Engineering & Technology	India
Dr.Balasubbareddy M	Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad	India
Dr.Chittoju Naga Santhosh Kumar	CSE, SBIT, JNTUH	India
Mrs.Pinki Prakash Vishwakarma	Department of Computer Engineering, Shah and Anchor Kutchhi Engineering College	India
Mr.Pulkit Mehndiratta	Department of ComputerSscience, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology	India
Dr.Pranjit Das	National Institute of Technology Nagaland	India
Dr.Kishore Debnath	Mechanical Engineering, NIT Meghalaya	India
Dr.Usha Desai	Electronics and Communication Engineering, NMAM Institute of Technology, Nitte	India
Mrs.Baljit Kaur	Computer Science department, Thapar Institute of Engg. and Tech.	India
Mr.Neela Madhab Padhy	Department of Comput er Science and Engineeing Gandhi Institute of Engineeirng Technology(Autonomous)	India
Mr.Madan Vilas Somvanshi	Savitribai Phule Pune University	India
Prof.Mani Kandan	Department of Information Technology K.S.R.College of Technology	India
Prof.Archana Kale	Department of Computer Engineering, Modern Education's Society's COE Pune	India
Prof.J. Naren	School of Computing, SASTRA Deemed University	India
Dr.Raji C.G	Information Technology department	India
Mr.Suhas Gaikwad	Department of Computer Science, Symbiosis International University, Pune	India
Dr.Anandharajan Trv	Anna University	India
Ms.Selvi Chandran	National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli	India
Dr.Harinandan Kumar	University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidholi, Via Prem Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007	India
Mr.Susovan Jana	Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Jadavpur University.	India
Mrs. Pinki Prakash Vishwakarma	Shah and Anchor Kutchhi Engineering College	India
Mr. Ashish Singh	National Institute of Technology Patna Patna, Bihar (800005)	India
Mr. Hanumant Harichandra Redkar	Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB)	India
Dr. Rohit Kumar Yadav	IITM, New Delhi	India
Dr.Akhter Mohiuddin Rather	Great Lakes Institute of Management, Gurgaon	India
Dr.Suhartono Suhartono	Department of Statistics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember	Indonesia
Dr.Ahmed Azeez Ahmed Al-Rubaye	Department of Physics, Al-Mustansiriyah University, College of Science	Iraq
Dr.Alaa Ahmed Abbas Al-abayechi	Computer Systems Technical Department, Institute Of Administration Al-Rusafa, Middle Technical Uni.	Iraq
Dr.Yousif Hashim Al-Aqeeli	Department of Dams and water Resources Engineering, Mosul University	Iraq
Mr.Ali A. Alani	Computer department, University of Diyala, College of Science	Iraq
Dr.Amir Hossein Zaji	Department of Civil Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah	Islamic Republic of Iran
Dr.Mojtaba Noury	IWRM	Islamic Republic of Iran
Dr.Reza Mohammadi	Hamedan University of Technology	Islamic Republic of Iran
Dr.Hoda Ghavaminia	Islamic Azad University, Dezful Branch	Islamic Republic of Iran
Ms.Shadi Sartipi	Department of Electrical and computer engineering, Urmia University	Islamic Republic of Iran
Prof.Karim Faez	EE Department, Amirkabir University of Technology	Islamic Republic of Iran
Dr.Mozhgan Hosseinnezhad	Department of Organic Colorants, Institute for Color Science and Technology	Islamic Republic of Iran
Dr.Javad Majrouhi Sardroud	Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University	Islamic Republic of Iran
Dr.Saeideh Fayyazi	Department of Biosystems Engineering	Islamic Republic of Iran
Mr.Behzad Moradi	Department of Computer Engineering, Kermanshah University of Technology	Islamic Republic of Iran
Dr.Yousef Sharafi	Department of Artificial Intelligence , Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran	Islamic Republic of Iran
Dr.Niloofar Zoghi-Foomani	Department of Science, Guilan University	Islamic Republic of Iran
Dr.Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari	Department of Civil Engineering, Isfahan(khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University	Islamic Republic of Iran
Dr.Reza Mohammadpour Ghalati	Estahban Azad University	Islamic Republic of Iran
Ms.Zahra Pezeshki	Faculty of Electrical and Robotic Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology	Islamic Republic of Iran
Mr.Meysam Ahangaran	Department of Computer Science, Iran University of Science and Technology	Islamic Republic of Iran
Mr.Reza Ashrafidoost	Computer Science, Science and Research University, IAU	Islamic Republic of Iran
Dr.Loai Abdallah	Department of Information Systems, Yezreel valley academic college	Israel
Dr.Andrea Casalino	Information Technology at POLITECNICO DI MILANO	Italy
Dr.Chiara Damiani	Department of Informatics, Systems and Communication , iversity of Milan Bicocca	Italy
Dr.Muhamad Erza Aminanto	NICT	Japan
Dr.Saud Althunibat	Department of Communications Engineering	Jordan
Dr.Seyed Hamidreza Aghay Kaboli	UM Power Energy Dedicated Advanced Centre (UMPEDAC), University of Malaya (UM)	Malasia
Mr.Mohammad Mahbub Alam	Advanced Robotics Lab, Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, University of Malaya	Malaysia
Mr.Kamal Karkonasasi	Department of Computer science, Universiti Sains Malaysia	Malaysia
Prof.S.M.F.D Syed Mustapha	Department of COMPUTER SCIENCE, TAIF UNIVERSITY	Malaysia
Dr.Aizat Faiz Ramli	Department of Electronics Technology Section, Universiti Kuala Lumpur British Malaysian Institute	Malaysia
Asc Prof Dr.Noreffendy Tamaldin	Green Tribology & Engine Performance Reseach Group-GTriboE, Center of Adv Research On Energy-CARe Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka- UTeM	Malaysia
Dr.Azah Kamilan Muda	Faculty of Information Systems & Communication (FTMK), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka	Malaysia
Dr.Teoh Chong Keat	Hospitality and Information Technology, Sunway College Johor Bahru	Malaysia
Ms.Anusuyah Subbarao	Department of Faculty of Management，Multimedia University	Malaysia
Dr.Kar Seng Loke	Department of Computing, Swinburne University	Malaysia
Dr.Laith Mohammad Abualigah	Department of Computer Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia	Malaysia
Mr.Juan Antonio de Jesús Osuna-Coutiño	National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics (INAOE)	Mexico
Dr. Soufiane IDBRAIM	Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir	Morocco
Prof.Loet Leydesdorff	Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam	Netherlands
Mr.Ahmad Shahi	Department of Information Science, University of Otago	New Zealand
Dr.Nwagwu Chika Honour	Department of Computer Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka	Nigeria
Dr.Jia-Chun Lin	Department of Informatics, University of Oslo	Norway
Dr.Abdul Khalique Shaikh	Department of Information System, Sultan Qaboos University	Oman
Dr.Zeeshan Yousaf	University of the Punjab, Lahore	Pakistan
Dr.Hadi Fanaee Tork	Department of Biostatistics, University of Oslo	Portugal
Dr. Hocheol Shin	Samsung SDS	Republic of Korea
Dr.Donghoon Ban	Convergence Research Center for Future Automotive Technology，DGIST	Republic of Korea
Dr.Emanuel Soare	Department of Educational Sciences, University of Pitesti, Romania / International Relations	Romania
Dr.Ion Iancu	Department of Computer Science, University of Craiova	Romania
Mr.Ibrahim Nizar Ibrahim	Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University	Russia
Dr.Anwar Ali Yahya	Najran University	Saudi Arabia
Mr.Aleksa Svetozar Srdanov	Technical College of Vocational Studies at Pozarevac	Serbia
Mr.Yan Xu	Learning and Vision team, Panasonic R&D Center Singapore	Singapore
Mr.Imanol Mugarza	Department of Dependable Embedded Systems, Ik4-Ikerlan	Spain
José Francisco Torres Maldonado	Pablo de Olavide University	Spain
Ms.Hongjie Liu	ETHz	Switzerland
Prof.Cheng Li Liu	Vanung University	Taiwan,China
Prof.Mu-Song Chen	Department of Electrical Engineering, Da-Yeh University	Taiwan,China
Prof.Chin Teng Lin	UTS	Taiwan,China
Prof.Yi-Chao Wu	The Bachelor Program of Green and Information Technology in National Taitung University	Taiwan,China
Prof.Guang-Yih Sheu	Chang-Jung Christian University	Taiwan,China
Dr. Chia-Ling Chang	National Taitung University	Taiwan,China
Ms.Kamolwan Kunanusont	Department of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex	Thailand
Dr. Chakkrit Snae Namahoot	Naresuan University	Thailand
Dr.Yassine Ben Salem	National Engineering School of Gabes, University of Gabes	Tunisia
Prof.Lotfi Ben Romdhane	Department of Computer Science, ISITCom, University of Sousse	Tunisia
Dr.Wadii Boulila	Computer Science at Higher Institute of Multimedia Arts of Manouba, Manouba University, Manouba	Tunisia
Dr.Mohamed Labidi	Department of Computer Science, Minister of Education	Tunisia
Dr.Emrah Yalcin	Department of Ahi Evran University, Civil Engineering	Turkey
Dr.Kamil Topal	Balikesir University, Computer Engineering, Balikesir/Turkey	Turkey
Mr.Mehmet Beskirli	Şırnak University	Turkey
Dr.Mustafa AY	Department of Mechatronics, Faculty of Technology	Turkey
Prof.Harun Tanyildizi	Firat University	Turkey
Dr.Senol Celik	Department of Biometrics Animal Science, Bingol University	Turkey
Dr.Fatih Ertam	Firat University	Turkey
Dr.Suleyman Neseli	Selcuk University Department of Mechanical Engineering Konya	Turkey
Dr.Mehmet Gucyetmez	Ahi Evran University	Turkey
Prof.Cihan Karakuzu	Bilecik Seyh Edebali University	Turkey
Dr.Nataliya Dmitrievna Pankratova	Institute for Applied System Analysis (IASA)	Ukraine
Prof.Yu-Dong Zhang	Department of Informatics, Univ of Leicester	United Kingdom
Dr.Azad Naik	Microsoft	United States
Prof.Duck Bong Kim	Department of Manufacturing and engineering technology	United States
Dr.Zhiyuan Wang	Department of Product Design Group, Pacific Norhern Inc	United States
Dr.Mark Burgin	Department of Math, UCLA	United States
Dr.Mostafa Parchami	Department of Robotics & AI, Ford Motor Company	United States
Dr.Afan Ali	School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University	United States
Dr.Hong Lin	Computer Science and Engineering Technology, University of Houston-Downtown	United States
Dr.Hamed Zamani Sabzi	University of Oklahoma	United States
Dr.Golnaz Sarram	Civil Engineering, University of Memphis	United States
Dr.Liguo Yu	Department of Computer Science, Indiana University South Bend	United States
Dr.Shubham Chamadia	Department of Critical care, Massachusetts General Hospital	United States
Dr.Lei Zhu	Department of Mobility, Behavior and Advanced Powertrains, National Renewable Energy Laboratory	United States
Mr.Arpit Sharma	Department of Computer Science, Arizona State University	United States
Mr.Behzad Ghazanfari	Northern Arizona University	United States
Dr.Weitian Wang	Department of Automotive Engineering, Clemson University	United States
Dr.Matthew Liotine	Department of Information & Decision Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago	United States
Mr.Hang Yue	Department of Reasearch and development, Johns Hoplcins Healthcare	United States
Mr.Hamid Khodabandehlou	Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno	United States
Dr.Eyasu Zemene Mequanint	Department of Computer Vision, Qualcomm Technologies Inc.	United States
Dr.Subrata Acharya	Smart Health and Security Lab,Towson University	United States

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Authorship

Authorship should be limited to people who have contributed substantially to the work. The corresponding author must have obtained permission from all the authors mentioned in the manuscript. The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring adherence to all editorial and submission policies and for any communications and actions that may be necessary after publication. A maximum of two corresponding authors are allowed for the associated responsibilities. The corresponding author must include written permission from the authors of the work concerned for any mention of any unpublished material included in the manuscript, for example, data from manuscripts-in-press, personal communication, or work in preparation.

Conflict of Interest

The authors must declare any conflict of interest with any financial body or funding agency or anything else that might influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript. All authors, members, reviewers and editors must disclose any association that poses a conflict of interest in connection with the manuscript.

Duplicate Submission

Manuscripts submitted to FSP’s journals should 1) not have been published before, and 2) not concurrently be submitted elsewhere. If part of a manuscript has been published or will be published elsewhere, the authors must let the editors know in a cover letter. If duplicate submission is detected during peer review, the manuscript may be rejected. If it is detected after publication, the manuscript may be retracted.

Plagiarism

FSP does not approve of plagiarism. Plagiarism detection software is used to verify the originality of submitted manuscripts. If a manuscript uses a text copied directly from another source, this text must be written in quotation marks and original source must be cited. If any kind of plagiarism, including self-plagiarism, is detected during the review process, the manuscript may be rejected. If it is detected after publication, the manuscript may be retracted.

Open Access Policy

FSP provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. Manuscripts are published under the (CC BY-NC 4.0) publishing license, which allows the manuscript to be freely shared or used for non-commercial purposes, as long as attribution is given. Authors are welcome to post the published manuscript on personal websites, institutional repositories, and any other database.

Publication Ethics

Frontier scientific publishing requires all members involved in the journal publishing process to adhere to the principles of Core practices as stipulated by COPE (Committee on Publishing Ethics), to investigate misconduct and to ensure the integrity of research.

COPE has defined measures against data fabrication, duplicate publication, plagiarism and retraction, etc. All complaints submitted by the authors to the journal will be addressed promptly according to the procedure set out in the COPE complaints and appeals. The complainant may direct all inquiries and correspondence to the publisher at contact@front-sci.com.

Editorial Process

The journal operates a double-blind peer-review process, meaning that both author and reviewer identities are concealed in the reviewing. Each article is assigned to at least two independent reviewers, followed by a final acceptance/rejection decision by the Editor-in-Chief, or another academic editor approved by the Editor-in-Chief. The Editor-in-Chief is responsible for the academic quality of the publication process, including acceptance decisions, approval of Guest Editors and special issue topics, and new Editorial Board members.

Pre-check

Immediately after submission, this check is initially carried out by the managing editor to assess:

• Suitability of the manuscript to the journal/section/special issue;
• Qualification and background of authors;
• Reject obviously poor manuscripts.

The Academic Editor, i.e., the Editor-in-Chief in the case of regular submissions, or the Guest Editor in the case of Special Issue submissions, or an Editorial Board Member in case of a conflict of interest, will be notified of the submission and invited to check and recommend reviewers.

Peer-review

At least two review reports are collected for each submitted article. Suggestions of reviewers can be made by the academic editor during pre-check. Alternatively, Frontier Scientific Publishing editorial staff will use qualified Editorial Board Members, qualified reviewers from our database, or new reviewers identified by web searches for related articles.

The following checks are applied to all reviewers:

• That they hold no conflicts of interest with the authors, including if they have published together in the last five years;
• That they hold a PhD (exceptions are made in some fields, e.g. medicine);
• They must have recent publications in the field of the submitted paper;
• They have not recently been invited to review a manuscript for any Frontier Scientific Publishing

To assist academic editors, Frontier Scientific Publishing staff handle all communication with reviewers, authors, and the external editor; however, Academic Editors can check the status of manuscripts and the identity of reviewers at any time. Reviewers are given two weeks to write their review. For the review of a revised manuscript, reviewers are asked to provide their report within three days. In both cases, extensions can be granted on request.

A paper can only be accepted for publication by an academic editor. Employed Frontier Scientific Publishing staff can only reject papers: it would create a clear conflict of interest if they were permitted to accept a paper as their salary is paid for by the APC of accepted articles.

Editor Decision

Acceptance decisions on manuscripts, after peer review, are made by an academic editor, either the Editor-in-Chief, a Guest Editor, or another suitable Editorial Board member. When making an editorial decision, we expect that the academic editor checks the following:

• The suitability of selected reviewers;
• Adequacy of reviewer comments and author response;
• Overall scientific quality of the paper.

The editor can select from: accept, reject, ask author for revision, ask for an additional reviewer.

If there is any suspicion that a paper may contain plagiarism, the editorial office will check using the industry standard iThenticate software.

Reviewers make recommendations, and Editors-in-Chief are free to disagree with their views. If they do so, they should justify their decision, for the benefit of the authors.

Editorial independence is extremely important and Frontier Scientific Publishing does not interfere with editorial decisions. In particular, no paper is published without the agreement of an academic editor and Frontier Scientific Publishing staff do not advise academic editors about accepting or rejecting articles.

Revision

In cases where only minor revisions are recommended, the author is usually requested to revise the paper before referring to the external editor. Articles may or may not be sent to reviewers after author revision, dependent on whether the reviewer requested to see the revised version and the wishes of the Academic editor. Apart from in exceptional circumstances, we allow a maximum of two rounds of major revision per manuscript.

Production

Frontier Scientific Publishing carries out production on all manuscripts, including language editing, copy editing and conversion to XML. Language editing is carried out by professional English editing staff. In the small number of cases where extensive editing or formatting is required, we charge authors an additional fee (with authors’ prior approval). The authors are also free to use other English editing service, or consult a native English-speaking colleague—the latter being our preferred option.

Publishing Standards and Guidelines

Frontier Scientific Publishing follow the following guidelines and standards for its journals:

ICMJE: Medically related FSP journals follow the recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. The guidelines comprehensively cover all aspects of editing, from how the journal is managed to details about peer review and handling complaints. The majority of the recommendations are not specific to medical journals and are followed by all Frontier Scientific Publishing journals.

The CONSORT statement covers reporting of randomized, controlled trials. We encourage authors to verify their work against the checklist and flow diagram and upload them with their submission.

TOP covers transparency and openness in the reporting of research. Our journals aim to be at level 1 or 2 for all aspects of TOP. Specific requirements vary between journals and can be requested from the editorial office.

PRISMA covers systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Authors are recommended to complete the checklistand flow diagram and include it with their submission.

ARRIVE contains guidelines for reporting in vivo experiments. Authors are recommended to verify their work against the checklist and include it with their submission.

Compliance with the standards and guidelines above will be taken into account during the final decision and any discrepancies should be clearly explained by the authors. We recommend that authors highlight relevant guidelines in their cover letter.

 

About retraction

The Frontier Science Publishing values the integrity of academic activities and the completeness of academic achievement records, ensuring that academic papers are kept as recordable and unchanging as they are published. However, it is difficult to find out the individual non-normative phenomena in the manuscript or the inattention of the author, even if carefully reviewed by the editor. Therefore, correcting academic records is sometimes necessary. The decision to change the record is of great importance, and the publisher will take different measures based on the article's situation, roughly in the following forms:
1. Expression problem
2. Correction (error in the layout or error in the content)
3. Cancellation
4. Remove
All of the above measures are aimed at correcting the article and reminding the reader, but not punishing the author. In the articles published in the journals, there are intentional or unintentional irregularities, the editors of the journals have the responsibility of supervising the review, and the review process should involve the authors and reviewers. The editor will follow the publisher's retraction guidelines and other acceptable academic principles to select the best solution to the problem.
If the author is actively asking for action, the author will not be required to pay additional fees. If the measures taken (such as retraction) are not initiated by the author, or only the unilateral action of the author before the both sides reached an agreement, the publisher does not need to compensate the author for economic losses, and the article's page fee cannot be returned to the author.

 

Copyright Notice

Authors contributing to this journal agree to publish their articles under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License, allowing third parties to share their work (copy, distribute, transmit) and to adapt it, under the condition that the authors are given credit, that the work is not used for commercial purposes, and that in the event of reuse or distribution, the terms of this license are made clear. With this license, the authors hold the copyright without restrictions and are allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions as long as this journal is the original publisher of the articles.

Kindly check that your manuscript has been prepared in accordance to the step-by-step instructions provided before submitting a manuscript to our online submission system.

Manuscript Format

Your manuscript should be in MS Word format. All manuscripts must be written in clear, comprehensible English. Both British and American English are accepted. Usage of non-English words should be kept to a minimum and all must be italicized with the exception of "e.g.", "i.e." and "etc." If you have concerns about the level of English in your submission, please ensure that it is proofread before submission by a native English speaker or a scientific editing service.

Cover Letter

All submissions should include a cover letter as a separate file. A cover letter should contain a brief explanation of what was previously known, the conceptual advancement with the findings and its significance to broad readership. The cover letter is confidential and will be read only by the editors. It will not be seen by reviewers.

Title

The title should capture the conceptual significance for a broad audience. The title should not be more than 50 words and should be able to give readers an overall view of the paper's significance. Titles should avoid using uncommon jargons, abbreviations and punctuation.

List of Authors

The names of authors must be spelled out rather than set in initials along with their affiliations. Authors should be listed according to the extent of their contribution, with the major contributor listed first. All corresponding authors should be identified with an asterisk. Affiliations should contain the following core information: department, institution, city, state, postal code, and country. For contact purposes, email address of at least one corresponding author must be included. Please note that all authors must see and approve the final version of the manuscript before submitting.

Abstract

Articles must include an abstract containing a maximum of 200 words. The purpose of the abstract is to provide sufficient information for a reader to determine whether to proceed to the full text of the article. After the abstract, please provide 5-8 key words, avoiding the same words already used in the title.

Text

The text of the manuscript should be in Microsoft Word. The length of the manuscript cannot be more than 50,000 characters (inclusive of spaces) or approximately 7,000 words.

Section Headings

Please number the section headings (e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4, etc.) in boldface. Likewise, use boldface to identify subheadings too but please distinguish it from major headings using numbers (e.g. 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, etc.) Further subsections of subheadings should be differentiated with the numbers 1.1.1, 1.1.2, 2.1.1, 2.1.2, etc.

Introduction

The introduction should provide a background that gives the broad readership an overall outlook of the field and the research performed. It pinpoints a problem and states its importance regarding the significance of the study. The introduction can conclude with a brief statement of the aim of the work and a comment about whether that aim was achieved.

Materials and Methods

This section provides the general experimental design and methodologies used. The aim is to provide enough details for other investigators to fully replicate your results. It is also required to facilitate better understanding of the results obtained. Protocols and procedures for new methods must be included in detail to reproduce the experiments.

Results

This section can be divided into subheadings. This section focuses on the results of the experiments performed.

Discussion

This section should provide the significance of the results and identify the impact of the research in a broader context. It should not be redundant or similar to the content of the results section.

Conclusion

Please use the conclusion section for interpretation only, and not to summarize information already presented in the text or abstract.

Conflict of Interest

All authors are required to declare all activities that have the potential to be deemed as a source of competing interest in relations to their submitted manuscript. Examples of such activities could include personal or work-related relationships, events, etc. Authors who have nothing to declare are encouraged to add "No conflict of interest was reported by all authors" in this section.

Funding and Acknowledgments

Authors should declare all financial and non-financial support that have the potential to be deemed as a source of competing interest in relations to their submitted manuscript in this section. Financial supports are generally in the form of grants, royalties, consulting fees and more. Examples of non-financial support could include the following: externally-supplied equipment/biological sources, writing assistance, administrative support, contributions from non-authors etc.

Appendix

This section is optional and is for all materials (e.g. advanced technical details) that has been excluded from the main text but remain essential to readers in understanding the manuscripts. This section is not for supplementary figures. Authors are advised to refer to the section on 'Supplementary Figures' for such submissions.

Figures

Authors should include all figures into the manuscript and submit it as one file in the OJS system. Reference to the "Instructions for Typesetting Manuscript" is strongly encouraged. Figures include photographs, scanned images, graphs, charts and schematic diagrams. Figures submitted should avoid unnecessary decorative effects (e.g. 3D graphs) as well as be minimally processed (e.g. changes in brightness and contrast applied uniformly for the entire figure). It should also be set against a white background. Please remember to label all figures (e.g. axis etc.) and number them (e.g. Figure 1, Figure 2, etc.) in boldface. Please also add in captions (below the figure) as required and number them (e.g. Figure 1, Figure 2, etc.) in boldface. The caption should describe the entire figure without citing specific panels, followed by a legend defined as description of each panel. Please identify each panel with uppercase letters in parenthesis (e.g. (A), (B), (C), etc.)

The preferred file formats for any separately submitted figure(s) are TIFF or JPEG. All figures should be legible in print form and of optimal resolution. Optimal resolutions preferred are 300 dots per inch for RBG colored, 600 dots per inch for greyscale and 1200 dots per inch for line art. Although there are no file size limitation imposed, authors are highly encouraged to compress their figures to an ideal size without unduly affecting legibility and resolution of figures. This will also speed up the process of uploading in the submission system if necessary.

The Editor-in-Chief and Publisher reserve the right to request from author(s) the high-resolution files and unprocessed data and metadata files should the need arise at any point after manuscript submission for reasons such as production, evaluation or other purposes. The file name should allow for ease in identifying the associated manuscript submitted.

Tables, Lists and Equations

Tables created using Microsoft Word table function are preferred. The tables should include a title at the top. Titles and footnotes/legends should be concise. These must be submitted together with the manuscript. Likewise, lists and equations should be properly aligned and its meaning clear to readers. For listing things within the main body of the manuscript, please use roman numbers in parenthesis (e.g. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), etc.)

Supplementary Information

This section is optional and contains all materials and figures that have been excluded from the entire manuscript. These materials are relevant to the manuscript but remain non-essential to readers' understanding of the manuscript's main content. All supplementary information should be submitted as a separate file in Step 4 during submission. Please ensure the names of such files contain 'suppl. info'. Videos may be included in this section.

In-text Citations

Reference citations in the text should be done using the author-date method in which the author's surname and the year published are included in the text. If the reference has no known year of publication, use 'n.d.' (without the quotation marks). The citation style depends on the number of authors for the reference.

One author

• Niemi (2011) illustrated some scenarios to prove this.
• The theory governs civil society (Niemi, 2011) and social behaviour.
• In 2011 Niemi described the theory in detail.

Two authors (Always use both names)

• Chandler and Tsai (2001) analysed data from several reports.
• This theory was further supported by Chandler and Tsai (2001).
• In 2001 Chandra and Tsai proposed a possible mitigation measure.

Three or more authors (Use first author's name, followed by italicized et al.)

• Dickson et al. (2014) brought up some points to support such an argument.
• This was further emphasized (Dickson et al, 2014) and subsequently widely accepted.
• In 2014 Dickson et al. noted that such initiatives have far-bearing effects.

Personal communications and unpublished works can only be used in the main text of the submission and are not to be placed in the Reference section. Authors are advised to limit such usage to the minimum. They should also be easily identifiable by stating the authors and year of such unpublished works or personal communications and the word 'Unpublished' in parenthesis.

E.g. (Smith J, 2000, Unpublished)

References

This section is compulsory and should be placed at the end of all manuscripts. Do not use footnotes or endnotes as a substitute for a reference list. The list of references should only include works that are cited in the text and that have been published or accepted for publication. Personal communications and unpublished works should be excluded from this section.

The references in reference list are arranged in alphabetical order of the first author's surname. Authors referenced are listed with their surname followed by their initials. All references should also appear as an in-text citation. References should follow the following pattern: Author(s) followed by year of publication, title of publication, full journal name in italics, volume number, issue number in parenthesis and lastly, page range. If the referred article has more than three authors, list only the first three authors and abbreviate the remaining authors to italicized 'et al.' (meaning: "and others"). If the DOI is available, please include it after the page range.

Journal

Journal article (print) with one to three authors

• Younger P. (2004). Using the internet to conduct a literature search. Nursing Standard, vol.19(6): 45-51.
• Journal article (print) with more than three authors
• Gamelin F X, Baquet G, Berthoin S, et al. (2009). Effect of high intensity intermittent training on heart rate variability in prepubescent children. European Journal of Applied Physiology,105: 731-738.

Journal article (online) with one to three authors

• Jackson D, Firtko A and Edenborough M. (2007). Personal resilience as a strategy for surviving and thriving in the face of workplace adversity: A literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, vol.60(1): 1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04412.x.

Journal article (online) with more than three authors

• Hargreave M, Jensen A, Nielsen T S S,et al. (2015). Maternal use of fertility drugs and risk of cancer in children—A nationwide population-based cohort study in Denmark. International Journal of Cancer, vol.136(8): 1931-1939. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.29235.

Book

Book with one to three authors

• Schneider Z, Whitehead D and Elliott D. (2007).Nursing and Midwifery Research: Methods and Appraisal for Evidence-based Practice, 3rd edn. Marrickville, NSW: Elsevier Australia.

Book with more than three authors

• Davis M, Charles L, Curry M J, et al. (2003). Challenging Spatial Norms, London: Routledge.

Chapter or Article in Book

• Conway K M. (2014). Critical quantitative study of immigrant students. In F K Stage and R S Wells (Eds.)*, New Scholarship in Critical Quantitative Research— Part 1 (pp. 51-64). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

*Note that the editor's name is not inverted.

Others

Proceedings of meetings and symposiums, conference papers

• S S Chang, L Liaw and J Ruppenhofer J (Eds.) (2000). Proceedings of the 25thAnnual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: General session and parasession on loan word phenomena. Berkeley, February 12-15, 1999. Berkeley: Berkeley Linguistics Society.

Conference proceedings (from electronic database)

• Bukowski R M. (2009). Prognostic factors for survival in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Proceedings of the Third Cambridge Conference, Cambridge, June 27-28, 2009. Cancer, vol.115(10): 2273-2281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.24226

Online Document with author names

• Este J, Warren C, Connor L, et al. (2008). Life in the clickstream: The future of journalism. Media Entertainment and Arts Alliance. Retrieved from http://www.alliance.org.au/documents/ foj_report_final.pdf

Online Document without author name

• Princeton Writing Program. (n.d.). Developing an argument. Retrieved from http://web.princeton.edu/ sites/ writing/Writing_Center/WCWritingResources.htm

Thesis/Dissertation

• Gale L. (2000). The relationship between leadership and employee empowerment for successful total quality management(Thesis). University of Western Sydney. Retrieved from Australasian Digital Thesis database.

Standards

• Standards Australia Online. (2006), Glass in buildings: Selection and installation. AS 1288-2006, amended January 31, 2008. Retrieved from SAI Global database.

Government Report

• National Commission of Audit. (1996). Report to the Commonwealth Government, Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.

Government report (online)

• Department of Health and Ageing. (2008). Ageing and aged care in Australia. Retrieved from http://www.health.gov.au/internet/ main/publishing.nsf/Content/ageing

Patent

• Rencher W F. (1995). Bioadhesive pharmaceutical car- rier. US Patent 5462749 A.

No author

• Guide to agricultural meteorological practices, 2nd (1981). Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization, Geneva.

Note: When referencing an entry from a dictionary or an encyclopedia with no author there is no requirement to include the source in the reference list. In these cases, only cite the title and year of the source in-text. For an authored dictionary/encyclopedia, treat the source as an authored book